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The Surrealist Movement and a List of Artists
The Surrealist Artist is part of a cultural movement that began
in the mid-1920s, and is best known for the visual
artworks and writings of its group members.
It was important as future painters were inspired even to this day. Many Post Modernists can relate to the freedom of thought that it provides. This is because of the usage of representative subject matter presented on to the picture space without having to follow the natural order of the world around.
For example in the dreamscape of the mind we are not limited by things such as gravity and so the Artists took adavantage of this. Inwardly interested in understanding the meaning of dreams in this context were the opposite of the
Impressionist Movement
The works feature the element of surprise, unexpected
juxtapositions and non sequitur, however many
painters and writers regard their work
as an expression of the philosophical group first
and foremost with the works being an artifact, and the
leader André Breton was explicit in his assertion that
Surrealism was above all a revolutionary philosophy.
From the Dada activities of World War I the organisation was
formed with the most important center of the group
in Paris and from the 1920s spreading around the globe,
eventually affecting films such as the Angel's Egg and
El Topo, amongst others.
Many significant literary organisations in the later half
of the 20th century were directly or indirectly influenced
by the philosophy. This period is known as the Postmodern era;
though there's no widely agreed upon central definition of
Postmodernism
, many themes and techniques commonly
identified as Postmodern are nearly identical to Surrealism.
Throughout the 1930s, Surrealism
continued to become more visible to the public at large.
A Surrealist group developed in Britain and, according to
Breton, their 1936 London International Surrealist
Exhibition was a high water mark of the period and
became the model for international exhibitions.
Dalí and Magritte created the most widely recognized
images of the movement.
The artist Salvador Dali
joined the group in 1929,
and participated in the rapid establishment of the visual
style between 1930 and 1935.
As a visual movement it had found a method:
to expose psychological truth by stripping ordinary
objects of their normal significance, in order to create
a compelling image that was beyond ordinary formal
organization, in order to evoke empathy from the viewer.
Politically the organisation was ultra-leftist, communist,
or anarchist. The split from Dada has been characterised as
a split between anarchists and communists, with the
organisation as communist. Breton and his comrades supported
Leon Trotsky and his International Left Opposition for a
while, though there was a certain openness to anarchism that
manifested more fully after World War II. Some Painters
such as Benjamin Peret aligned with forms of left communism.
Other future groups such as the
Abstract Expressionists
avoided the Post War Cold War influences of severe political censorship in America by creating pieces that were essentially apolitical, without having any communist leanings.
Dalí supported capitalism and the fascist dictatorship of Francisco Franco but cannot be said to represent the philosophy in this respect; in fact he was considered, by Breton and his associates, to have betrayed it and so left the group .
Surrealist book review
Here is a really unusual, disturbing book that I found by Sarane Alexandria called Surrealist Art (World of Art)
I also managed to find a book review by Curasalian which I think describes it really well.
Review by Curasalian:
This book contains a good amount of illustrations in color of very obscure and interesting artworks. It traces a long span of the Art Movement's motion and highlights each artist as time progresses.
A List of Related Artists
Aimé Césaire
Albert Camus
Alberto Giacometti
André Breton
André Kertész
André Masson
Annie Le Brun
Antonin Artaud
Arshile Gorky
Benjamin Péret
Boiffard
Bona de Mandiargues
Brassaï
Brion Gysin
Claude Cahun
David Hare
Dora Maar
Dorothea Tanning
Eileen Agar
Esteban Francés
F. E. McWilliam
Fernando Arrabal
Federico García Lorca
Frida Kahlo
Gala Dalí
Gaston Bachelard
Georges Bataille
Georges Hénein
Georges Malkine
Gilbert Lély
Giorgio de Chirico
Gisèle Prassinos
Gordon Onslow Ford
Greta Knutson-Tzara
Hans Bellmer
Hans Ruedi Giger
Henri Michaux
Herbert Read
Isidore Ducasse
Jacqueline Lamba-Breton
Jacques André
Jacques Brunius
Jean/Hans Arp
Jindrich Heisler
Jindrich Styrsky
Joan Miró
Joseph Cornell
Kay Sage
Konrad Klapheck
Kurt Seligmann
Lee Miller
Len Lye
Léona Camille Ghislaine. Decourt alias Nadja
Léonor Fini
Leonora Carrington
Léopold Sédar Senghor
Louis Aragon
Luis Buñuel
Man Ray
Marc Chagall
Marcel Duchamp
Marcel Jean
Maurice Blanchot
Maurice Heine
Maurice Tabard
Max Ernst
Max Morise
Meret Oppenheim
Max Ernst
Max Morise
Meret Oppenheim
Michel Foucault
Michel Leiris
Nadja (novel)
Nancy Joyce Peters
Nikos Engonopoulos
Nusch Éluard
Óscar Domínguez
Pablo Picasso
Paul Delvaux
Paul Éluard
Paul Nougé
Peter Dizozza
Philip Lamantia
Philippe Soupault
Pierre Mabille
Pierre Molinier
Pierre Naville
Radovan Ivsic
Raoul Ubac
Remedios Varo
René Char
René Crevel
René Magritte
René Ménil
Robert Desnos
Roberto Matta
Roger Caillois
Roger Parry
Roger Vitrac
Roland Topor
Roland Penrose
Surrealist Movement Artists Dali
Simone Kahn-Breton
Sophie Taeuber-Arp
Suzanne Malherbe
Suzanne Muzard
Theodor Adorno
Toyen
Tristan Tzara
Unica Zürn
Valentine Hugo
Victor Brauner
Vítìzslav Nezval
Walter Benjamin
Wifredo Lam
Wilhelm Freddie
Wolfgang Lettl
Wolfgang Paalen
Wols
Yves Tanguy